How to Use a Microphone to Record Speech

Step 1:
Use a unidirectional microphone with a PA system, for dictation, broadcasting or other situations where you only want to pick up an individual voice.

Step 2:
Consider using a unidirectional, cardioid or stereo microphone for interviewing.

Step 3:
Choose an omnidirectional mike for recording lectures or meetings. Aim the microphone at the speaker during a lecture.

Step 4:
Use a lavaliere (clip-on) microphone when you need to have your hands available and aren't using a podium.

Step 5:
Follow the instructions in your manual for placing the microphone the proper distance from the speaker.

Step 6:
Move the microphone closer to the speaker if the sound is hollow or it sounds like the speaker is in a tunnel. Test the sound on the PA system or make a brief test recording to determine the best distance.

Step 7:
Pull the microphone farther away from the speaker if the sound is distorted.

Step 8:
Keep the microphone away from computers, heat and air ducts, electrical devices not related to its use, and fluorescent lights.

Step 9:
Maintain a distance between the microphone and PA (or computer) speakers to avoid feedback.

Step 10:
Set the microphone level as high as possible without distorting (exceeding 100 VU or going into the red on a recording meter) or causing feedback.

Step 11:
Use a windscreen to prevent unwanted sounds ("p" sounds making an unpleasant popping noise) and hissing ("s" sounds making a sibilant, hissing noise).

Step 12:
Test the microphone and sound system before speeches or presentations.

Step 13:
Use a magnetically shielded microphone with a computer.

Step 14:
Employ a close-talk microphone (one that is built into a headset) for word processing with voice-recognition software. If a microphone is included with the software, use it.

Step 15:
Use a close-talk or stick-on microphone for computer command and control.